LC–MS BASED PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILING AND EVALUATION OF DIABETES INDUCED BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS AND ANTIOXIDATIVE ACTIVITY OF Stephania glabra TUBER AND Clerodendrumphlomidis LEAVES
Stephania glabra L. and Clerodendrum phlomidis L. are traditionally used to manage various endocrinecomplications. Considering the oxidative damage in the progression and trigger the diabetes, the current study aimedto evaluate the phytochemical profile and glucose regulation of their ethanolic substances. The plant materials wereextracted by maceration using (95%) ethanol, and preliminary phytochemical screening along with liquidchromatography linked mass spectroscopy (LC–MS) analysis revealed the occurrence of phytochemical compounds. Antidiabetic activity was assessed in streptozotocin-produced diabetic rats (55 mg/kg), glucose levels above 250mg/dl were pondered diabetic. Oral administration of the extracts (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) significantly reducedglycosylated haemoglobin levels (6.12% and 4.6%), improved haemoglobin levels (14.6 and 13.9 g/dL), anddecreased creatinine (0.66 mg/dL) and urea (28 mg/dL). In addition, the ethanolic extract of Stephania glabra tuber (400 mg/kg) markedly enhanced antioxidant status by increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) 0.43 to 1.13 IU/mg, catalase 0.36 to 2.12 IU/mg, reduced glutathione (GSH) 3.10 to 6.21 IU/mg, and reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) 10.66 to 5.83 IU/mg. Similarly, Clerodendrum phlomidis leaves extract (400 mg/kg), increased SOD(1.05 IU/mg), catalase (2.02 IU/mg), and GSH (5.89 IU/mg), while decreasing MDA (6.26 IU/mg), indicating attenuationof oxidative stress. These findings suggest that flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenolic compounds may exert antidiabeticconsequences by foraging responsive oxygen species and enhancing endogenous antioxidant defenses, therebyimproving diabetes-associated biochemical parameters.
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